Unbiased but Not Neutral

not intervention but participation

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DNA Barcoding Works in Practice but Not in (Neutral) Theory

BACKGROUND DNA barcode differences within animal species are usually much less than differences among species, making it generally straightforward to match unknowns to a reference library. Here we aim to better understand the evolutionary mechanisms underlying this usual "barcode gap" pattern. We employ avian barcode libraries to test a central prediction of neutral theory, namely, intraspecifi...

trigeminal neuralgia-divided but not classified

High hunger state increases olfactory sensitivity to neutral but not food odors.

Understanding how hunger state relates to olfactory sensitivity has become more urgent due to their possible role in obesity. In 2 studies (within-subjects: n = 24, between-subjects: n = 40), participants were provided with lunch before (satiated state) or after (nonsatiated state) testing and completed a standardized olfactory threshold test to a neutral odor (Experiments 1 and 2) and discrimi...

Neutral mood induction during reconsolidation reduces accuracy, but not vividness and anxiety of emotional episodic memories.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Consolidated memories become labile upon reactivation and as a result have to go through reconsolidation to become re-stabilized. This property of memory may potentially be used to reduce the impact of highly negative episodic memories. Because detailed and vivid negative memories are mediated by high arousal, if arousal is lessened during reconsolidation, memory accur...